Crank pump



(No Model.) Smeets-.sheet 1. J. J. DERYOKE.

GRANK PUMP. y

No. 378,665. Patented Feb.' 28, 1888.

Srafrns J. JOSEPH DE RYOKE,

GRANK@ Fari-:wr Ormes.

OF NEV YORK, N. Y.

PMM P.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 378,665, dated February 28, 1888.

Application filed November 2,1886. Serial No. 217,781. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom, it may concern.- j

Be it known that I, J. J osnrH DE Brenn, of the city and county of New York, in the State of New York, have invented anew and useful Improvementin Crank-Pumps, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates more particularly to ships pumps, which are employed for nre purposes, washing decks, and analogous forcing purposes, and in which the pistons are operated by crank-shafts to which hand-cranks are applied.

My invention more particularly relates to pumps in which the barrel or cylinder is surmounted by a closed water-tight casing containing the crank-shaft and connections for opc rating the piston or pistons, and from opposite sides of which the crank-shaft projects through suitable stuffing-boxes.

One object of my invention is to provide for the ready access to the crank-shaft and its boxes o r bearings for renewal or for adjustment by simply removing the upper part of the casing, and to this end I divide the casing horizontally through the stuffing-boxes of the crank-shaft and in a plane coincident with the axis of the crank-shaft, and I also provide a novel and simple construction of bearings for the crankshaft, which are separate from and adj ustabl y secured to the lower portion of the easing below the line of division and inward of the stuffing-boxes, and which are readily accessible for adjustment or repair when the cap portion of the casing is removed.

In ship-pumps, particularly those designed for fast naval vessels or ships of war, it is desirable to have the pumps as light and compact as possible. To obtain a comparative] i large supply of water under heavy pressure from a pump of comparatively small size, it 1s necessary to turn the crank rapidly.

Another feature of my invention relates to pumps which comprise, in addition to the crank-shaft or main operating-shaft, a counter-shaft geared with the crank or main shaft and an operating-handle which may be applied to either of the two shafts. Where the hand cranks are directly upon the crank-shaft, men cannot make much over twenty turns, or thereabout, of the crank-shaft per minute without very soon becoming exhausted, while if they did not have to make over that number of turns per minute they could exert a power necessary to work a pump at a much higher speed. This feature of the invention consists in the combination, with a pump-piston and a crankshaft and cranks and connecting-rods for operating it, the shaft being constructed at the end for the attachment of a hand-crank,of a counter-shaft geared with the crank-shaft, and also constructed at the end for the attachment of a hand-crank, and a novel construction of adjustable bearings and means of supporting the same for the countershaft, whereby it may be moved to engage or disengage the gears which connect it with the crankshaft.

Other features of the invention consist in novel combinations of parts, hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a side elevation, partly in section, of a pump embodying my invention, the hand-cranks being removed in order to show more fully the gearing whereby the counter-shaft and crankshaft are connected. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the-pump in a plane at right angles to Fig. l. Fig. 2* is a sectional view on the plane ofthe dotted line y y, Fig. 2, showing the construction ot' the crank-shaft bearings. Fig. 3 is a plan of the pump, showing the countershaft as in gear with the crank-shaft; and Fig. i is a sectional view upon about the plane of' the dotted line .r a", Fig. 3, showing how my invention may be applied to pumps which are already in use.

Similar letters of reference designate'correspending parts in all the figures.

Illy invention may be embodied in pistonpumps of various kinds, and for the purpose of illustration I have here shown a pump of a construction which forms no part of my invention, but which I will brieiiy describe, in order that the application of my invention may be fully understood. j l j A. designates an upright pump barrel or cylinder, which is surmounted by a casing, A' A2, the part A being formed in the same integral structure with the pump-barrel. The

pump-barrel has at the bottom asuction-valve, b, and is provided with four pistons, B B G ICO C. The upper and lower pistons, B C, are constructed with suitable valves, while the intermediate pistons, C B', are valveless.

A3 designates a side passage whereby the 5 portions of the pumpbarrel above and below the intermediate pistons, C B, are in constant communication, and A4 A5 designate two other side passages, the former of which, A4, comvmunicates with the pump-barrel A below the Io lower piston, C, and communicates through a valve, b', with the portion of the barrel between the pistons C B, while the latter of said passages, A5, is simply a discharge passage communicating through a valve, b2, with the spaces between the pistons C B. The pistons B B are attached to a rod, B2, while the pistons C C are attached to a rod, C. The piston-rods B2 C2 are secured in yokes B3 C3, which have horizontally-sliding boxes b3 ci, 2o fitting crank-wrists d, which are arranged at points opposite each other upon the crankshaft D.

- As shown in the drawings, the pistons C B are at a point at which they are nearest together, and as the crank-shaftD is turned the pistons B B will be moved downward, while the pistons C C will be moved upward. The intermediate pistons, C B', will therefore be moved in opposite directions away from each 3o other. rllhe upward movement of the piston C will cause a suction through the valve b into the pump-barrel A below said piston, and the approach of the pistons B C toward each other will discharge the water which is between them through the passage The movement of the pistons C B away from each other will produceasuction through the passage A4 and valve b into the space in the pump-barrel A between the pistons C B. 4o The approach of the pistons B G toward each other will force the water contained between them through the valves of the piston B and into the upper part of the casing, which it will loe understood is water-tight. rlhe easing is provided with one or more nozzles, AG, with which'hose may be connected, one nozzle only being here shown.

The casing A A2 has at opposite sides hubs or projections d', which are bored out to form 5o stuffing-boxes and to which are fitted glands d2. The casing A A2 is divided in a horizontal plane which is coincident with the axis of the crank-shaft D directly through thehubs d and stuffing-boxes, and the two parts A A2 of the casing are connected by a angejoint,

bt, any suitable packing being introduced between them to make the casing water-tight. The stufling-box bores which are formed in the hubs d extend inward entirely through @o the upperportion, A2, of the casing, and the lower portion, A', is formed with segmental continuations dsof said bores, which form seats for the bearings, and are provided at their inner ends with lips or flanges d* for retaining the bearings in place. Each bearingconsists of a segment or ring section, d5, which rests within a seat, cl3, against the iiange d, and the met@ cap d, secured by bolts dl to the lower portion of the casing A. A single ring of proper size bored out and turned upon its periphery 7) will, when cut in two, form the lower sections, d5, of the bearings, and the caps d for the two bearings may be cast in one piece, and after boring out may be separated. These bea-rings are entirely separable from the casing, and hence may be renewed at small cost, and when/ the cap portion A2 of the casing is removed access is afforded to the bearings for tightening their caps d, or for removing them, if desired, and by simply taking out the bolts 6P, 8o which hold the caps in place, the entire crankshaft,'with the two piston-#rods and their attached pistons, may be removed through the open top of the casing portion A. The arrangement of the bearings d5 d6 and the man- 85 ner of securing them to the lower casing portion, A, are best shown in Fig. 2*.

E designatesa counter-shaft which is arranged parallel with the crank-shaft, and is geared therewith by spur-wheels c and pinions e on 9c opposite sides of the pump. As here represented, the wheels e are about twice the size of the pinions e', and hence a speed o f about twenty revolutions per minute of the countershaft E will produce about forty revolutions per minute of the crank-shaft D.

rThe counter-shaft E is journaled in boxes e2, which are fitted to slide toward and from the crank-shaft D in links or bars E', which are journaled upon the hubs d', projecting from roo opposite sides ofthe casing, and in which the stuffing-boxes are formed. This arrangement and construction of the bearings e2, with the links or bars E', provides for swinging the counter-shaft E upward, when desired, into the position shown by dotted lines in Fig. 4. As before stated, the boxes e2 have a slight sliding movement in links or bars E toward and from the crank-shaft, and are held in place by means of keys c:i or other suitable securing de- 11o.

vices. When the keys ci areinserted through the slots etin the bars or links E' upon the outer side of the boxes e2, as shown in Fig. 4, they hold the counter-shaft in such position that its wheels e are in gear with 'the pinions 115 e' of the crank-shaft D. If the keys or securing devices e3 were inserted through the slots e5 in the links or bars E and upon the inner side of the boxes e2, they would hold the counter-shaft E, with its wheels c, out of gear with the pinions e', and when the counter-shaft E is to be swung upward into the position of rest shown in Fig. 4 by dotted lines the boxes e2 are first locked in the position described, to hold the wheels e out of gear with the pinions c. When in this position of rest, the countershaft is supported by a hook or holder, E2, which is at the top of the casing, and which forms a rest for the shaft, and may be provided with a key or keeper, o. 13C

In order to steady and support the links or bars E' when they are swung downward into horizontal and operative position, as shown in Fig. 4, I provide the links or bars E with downward projections ci, which engage lugs or ears F, projecting from the sides of the casing in the same horizontal plane. The lugs or ears F are slotted outward, so as to receive the cylindric studs or bolts ci, which form con-- tinuations ofthe downward projections e, and which are provided with nuts es, whereby the bars E' may be securely held in rigid relation to the lugs or ears F.v In lieu of a nut, ci, the stud or bolt c7 may be provided with a transverse pin or key, e, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. at. l'n making new pumps the lugs or ears F may be cast upon the casing A, and in order to apply my invention to pumps already in use I may forni the lugs or ears F upon a band, F, which embraces the portion A ofthe casing, as shown in Fig. 4, and is formed in semicircle sections, having their ends provided with ears or lugs f and secured together by bolts f', whereby they are clamped upon the casing portion A.

In many of the classes of pumps of the style shown which have been already manufactured and are in use the casing portion Ahas a circumferential channel or groove, 7L, formed by llets or beads, as shown in Fig. 4, and this construction furnishes a ready and secure seat wherein the band F may be rigidly held in place.

Both the crankshaft and counter-shaft are constructed at opposite ends .to receive handcranks G, which in Fig. 3 are shown applied to the countershaft Il. The ends of the shafts D E may have taper seats h for the reception of the eye of the crank, and the crank may be locked by means of a key, h2, to either shaft and be secured thereon by a nut, h3.

vl/'hen it is desired to operate the pump rapidly in order to give an increased discharge or Velocity, as in case of dre, the hand-cranks G may be applied to the counter-shaft E almost instantaneously, and then by twenty revolutions of the counter-shaft, which may be performed by men without their exhausting themselves by the rapidity of their bodily movements, the crank-shaft D of the pump will 'be given forty revolutions and a comparatively large volume of water will be discharged. When there is no necessity for operating the pump to its greatest capacity, the keys or securing devices e3 may be applied so as to hold the gear-wheels e out of engagement with the pinions e', and the countershaft E may then be swung upward into theV position shown by dotted lines in Fig. 4, and the handcranks G may be applied directly to the crank-shaft D.

I am aware that it is very old to construct force-pumps with the pistons, piston-rods, crankshaft, and connections arranged within a casing having a closed top, the crank-shaft working through the stufling'boxes in opposite sides of the casing and the casing being horizontally divided through the crankshaft bearings and the stuffing-bones. lnsuch construction it has been usual to form the crankshaft bearings integral with the parts of the casing, and when the top olr4 the casing is reA moved the caps or upper portions ci" the crank-shaft bearings are also removed, and the crank-shaft is no longer secured in itsbearings. l therefore do not desire to include in my invention, broadly. the construction `inst described as old, but desire to limit the invention to a closed casing which is provided at the opposite sides with stuffing-boxes for the crank-shaft, and is divided horizontally through the smiling-boxes and bearings inward of the stuffing-boxes, and comprising caps which are secured to the main lower portion of the casing independently of the removable upper portion of the casing. The construction of the casing with the seats di, which are inward of the stuffing boxes and form contiuuations of the bores of the stuffing-boxes, and bearings-which are concentric in these segmental seats, and which are independent of the parts of the casing, is very desirable, because of the accuracy and security with which they may be held in position and the case with which they may be renewed when worn out.

lNhat I claim as my invention,and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The combination, with the pump-barrel and piston, of a crank-shaft for operating the piston7 a closed casing directly surinounting the pump -barrel, provided at the opposite sides with stufling-boxes for the. crank-shaft and divided horizontally through the stuftingboxes, and bearings inward of the stuffingboxes, and comprising caps which are secured to the main lower portion ofthe casing independently of the removable upper portion of the casing, whereby the upper portion of the casing may be removed without releasing the IOO crank-shaft from its bearings, substantially as herein described.

2. The conibiuatiomwith a pump-barrel and piston and a crankshaft for operating the piston, of a closed casing directly surmounting the pump-barrel and divided horizontally in a plane coincident with the axis of the shaft,and

IIC

provided on opposite sides with etching-boxes and with segmental seats da, which form continuations ot' the bores of the stufng-boxes, and bearings for the crank-shaft, removably secured in the casing inward of the stufiingboxes and centered by said seats, substantially as herein described.

3. rIhe combination, with the horizontallydivided casing A A2, having the stuffing-box bores in its line of division, and having seats d3,which forni continuations of such bores, of the bearings forthe crank-shaft, consisting of ring-sections di, externally tting the seats,and caps c 6, secured to the lower portion of the casing, said bearings forming the bottoms of the stuffing-boxes, and the stuffing-box glands d2, substantially as herein described.

4. The combinatioinwithapump-piston and the crank-shaft D for operati ng it,constructed at the end for the attachment of a hand-crank, of the counter -shaft E, connected by gearssses wheels e and pinio'ns e with opposite end portions of the crank-shaft, and also constructed at the end for the attachment of a hand-crank, the sliding boxes e' for the counter-shaft, supports having slots e5 longer than the boxes, and in which the boxes are fitted, and keys or analogous devices whereby such boxes may be held positively in position With the said Wheels and pinions engaged with or disengaged from each other, substantially as herein described.

5. The combination, with the pump-piston and crank-shaft D, of the counter-shaft and gears for connecting it with the crank-shaft, swinging links or bars pivoted concentrically with the crankshaft, boxes for the countershaft, fitted to slide in said links or bars t0- ward and from the crankshaft,'and securing devices for holding said boxes positively in position with the gears which connect the crankshaft and counter-shaft either engaged or disengaged, substantially as herein de; scribed.

6. The combinatiomwith apumpcasingand ears or lugs F, projecting therefrom, of the 25 crank-shaft D, the counter-shaft E, gear-Wheels and p'inions connecting said shafts, swinging links or bars E', pivoted concentric with the crank-shaft and having a detachable connection with said lugs or ears, boxes e2 for said countershaft,tted to slide in the links or bars toward and from the crankshaft, securing devices for fixing the said sliding boxes positively in place, and a rest at the top of the puinp-casing for supporting the counter-shaft when swung upward above the crank-shaft, substantially as herein described.

J. JOSEPH DE RYCKE.

Vitn ess es FREDK. HAYNns, MINERT LINDEMAN. 

